Q: How Do We Measure Border Security?
Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano used apprehension numbers as the key metric to successes on the border in her visit to the San Diego Sector on Monday.
Napolitano cited a 50 percent drop in apprehensions since 2008 to corroborate her point.
But apprehension numbers don’t give the whole story of border enforcement effectiveness; it’s just one part of the equation.
Right now, here’s how Homeland Security measures it:
Effectiveness = (apprehensions + turn backs) / (estimated got aways + apprehensions + turn backs)
Terms:
Turn backs = People who fled back to Mexico, away from approaching U.S. agents along the border
Known Illegal Immigrants = Determined by counting the “got aways,” those who escaped and were tracked by cameras — or footprints — before they disappeared heading north.
Example:
In comparison to 2006, the agency was being more effective.
Rebecca Gambler is the acting Homeland Security auditor for the Government Accountability Office. Gambler said eight of the nine southwest border sectors increased their effectiveness rates, most by about 20 percent.
In San Diego, border apprehensions reach an all-time low.
But Gambler is also careful to note that each of the nine different sectors gather their data on "got aways" and turn backs differently.
“The rate cannot be compared across sectors,” she said.
Does this equation work?
Questions about the effectiveness of the U.S. Border Patrol have been the source of federal audits, Congressional hearings and just plain talk all along the border. The questions go back more than a decade.
In 2004, Tucson Sector Chief David Aguilar (now the deputy Customs and Border Protection commissioner) was among the first to talk about gaining “operational control of the border,” using a pointer and maps of the Mexican state of Sonora to point out where along the border the Border Patrol had been effective and where the agency needed to increase its effectiveness.
Border Patrol shootings are going unresolved
Nine years later, some of those places in the Tucson Sector, like Cochise County, serve as examples of effective enforcement.
But others, like the sweeping Tohono O’odham Indian Reservation to the west, remain an uncontrolled region that has continued to serve as a mainstay route for illicit trafficking across the border.
The agency has agreed that it will have to revise its performance measures to provide a more reliable answer to the question of a secure border.
EDITOR'S NOTE: The mathematical formula used by Homeland Security to determine effectiveness includes "estimated got aways" as part of the denominator formula.
